top of page

Understanding Descriptive vs Inferential Data in Business Decision Making

In today's data-centric business environment, making informed decisions is more crucial than ever. Successful leaders rely on robust data analysis to navigate the complexities of the modern market in every industry and organizational space.


hands are working on a laptop, superimposed over is an image of a screen with lots of graphic charts

This article aims to empower business leaders by demonstrating how to effectively utilize descriptive statistics. By providing a clear framework, we will explore the practical applications of descriptive statistics, while also highlighting the specialized role of inferential statistics in deeper data analysis.


Data-Driven Decision Making in Business

Data-driven decision making is a strategic approach where decisions and actions are guided by data analysis and insights rather than relying solely on intuition or historical precedents. It involves the systematic collection, processing, and interpretation of relevant data to inform and validate decision-making processes. In essence, it's about making informed choices based on concrete evidence rather than guesswork or gut feeling.

Infographic depicting 5 Benefits of Data Driven Decision Making


Descriptive vs. Inferential Data in Business Decision Making

Data analysis in business ranges from descriptive to prescriptive and falls along the spectrum from hindsight to insight to foresight. Having an understanding of the difference between descriptive vs inferential statistics is helpful While almost all business leaders engage with descriptive analytics, inferential analysis is generally the realm of the data scientist. Data helps us to explain or to explore observations. Descriptive statistics are primarily explanatory in nature. Inferential analytics, on the other hand, assists in drawing conclusions from our insights.

 

What Are Descriptive Statistics?

Descriptive statistics summarize and describe the main features of a data set. Examples of this are central tendencies of mean, median, and mode and standard deviation, which lend themselves well to graphical representations like charts and histograms. Descriptive statistics are used in day-to-day business operations to provide a clear snapshot of current conditions.

 

The Role of Descriptive Data Analysis in Business

Descriptive statistics are used for operational, strategic, and tactical decisions in business.

Example of this include:


charts, graphs, and a calculator are on a table being worked on

Operational Decisions

  • Tracking performance metrics: For example, patient satisfaction scores in healthcare.

  • Monitoring daily activities and outcomes: Ensuring that daily operations are running smoothly and efficiently.

Strategic Decisions

  • Setting long-term goals based on historical data trends: Using past data to forecast future performance.

  • Allocating resources effectively by understanding past performance: Ensuring resources are used where they can be most effective.

Tactical Decisions

  • Making short-term adjustments to processes: Quickly responding to immediate issues based on current data.

  • Identifying areas for immediate improvement: Pinpointing specific areas that need attention to improve performance.

 

What Are Inferential Statistics?

Inferential statistics make predictions or inferences about a population based on a sample of data. Examples of inferential data analysis include hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, and regression analysis. There is complexity and specialized knowledge required for inferential statistics, often necessitating the expertise of data scientists.


The Realm of the Data Scientist

The importance of expertise in data science cannot be overstated. Making bold claims of causation requires advanced analysis techniques. Scenarios where inferential statistics are essential include clinical trials and large-scale surveys. Data scientists play a crucial role in supporting business leaders with complex analyses, ensuring that insights are accurate and actionable.



Empowering Business Leaders with Descriptive Statistics

Descriptive data analytics drive informed decision-making. To use descriptive statistics effectively, it’s important to understand the data you are working with. Fortunately, tools like Excel are great for performing descriptive data analysis, providing an accessible way for business leaders to leverage their data.


Data storytelling in business often falls in the realm of descriptive analysis reporting.  Most of the kinds of stories to tell with data lend themselves to descriptive data, some are better for inferential analytics, and a couple can do both.


Data is empowering. A people first data strategy leverages natural curiosity by providing opportunities for business leaders to become more data savvy.



Summary

Understanding the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics is crucial for making informed business decisions. Embrace the power of descriptive statistics in your daily operations to track performance, set strategic goals, and make tactical adjustments. By doing so, you can make evidence-based decisions that drive your business forward.


Descriptive statistics vs inferential data analysis offers a solid foundation for understanding and improving your everyday business decision making. With the right tools and knowledge, you can harness the power of your data to make more informed and effective decisions. decision-making.

 
profile picture of blog author

Roseanna Galindo is Principal at Periscope Business Process Analysis, specializing in organizational learning and development. She is dedicated to advancing data literacy, enhancing healthcare experiences, and empowering volunteer leaders.

Explore Roseanna’s expertise and insights on her blog, The Periscope Insighter, starting with the opening post, "Venn the Time is Right."

 

Roseanna offers a range of professional development services, including training workshops, keynote speaking, and executive coaching.

 

Visit PeriscopeBPA.com for more information or click on the button below to schedule a time to talk



If you have found this article insightful, please share on social to help other like-minded business leaders to find their way here.

 

Comment. Share. Like. Subscribe.  Thank you!

27 views

Comments


bottom of page